{"id":83534,"date":"2020-10-09T18:16:08","date_gmt":"2020-10-09T15:16:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hilmibilici.com\/?p=83534"},"modified":"2024-12-02T14:36:14","modified_gmt":"2024-12-02T11:36:14","slug":"python-ders-2-degiskenler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/hilmibilici.com\/?p=83534","title":{"rendered":"Python Ders 2: De\u011fi\u015fkenler"},"content":{"rendered":"

De\u011fi\u015fkenler<\/strong>, veri de\u011ferlerini depolamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan alanlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer programlama dillerinden farkl\u0131 olarak, Python’un bir de\u011fi\u015fken bildirmek i\u00e7in herhangi bir de\u011fi\u015fken tan\u0131mlamak zorunda\u00a0 de\u011filsiniz.<\/p>\n

Bir de\u011fi\u015fken, ona bir de\u011fer atad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z anda olu\u015fturulabilir.<\/p>\n

De\u011fi\u015fken tan\u0131mlamaya gerek yok ise neden de\u011fi\u015fkenler \u00f6nemli?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131lan programlarda kimi zaman bir say\u0131y\u0131, kimi zaman bir kelimeyi, tarihleri, i\u015fleme ve kullan\u0131m amac\u0131na g\u00f6re ge\u00e7ici bir s\u00fcre haf\u0131zada tutmak gerekir. Tutulan bu de\u011ferler program i\u00e7erisinde de\u011ferlendirilir, i\u015flenir ve sonu\u00e7 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n

De\u011fi\u015fken Tipleri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\u2022 int > 0, 20, 33, 7, 998, vb.<\/p>\n

\u2022 float > 0.6, 4.9, vb.<\/p>\n

\u2022 str > \u2018a\u2019, \u2018 \u2019, \u2018hilmi\u2019, vb.<\/p>\n

\u2022 bool > True, False<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

De\u011fi\u015fken tan\u0131mlama ve kullanma Python\u2019da olduk\u00e7a kolayd\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n

x =\u00a05
\ny =\u00a0“Hilmi”
\nprint(x)
\nprint(y)<\/p>\n

De\u011fi\u015fkenler herhangi biriyle beyan edilmesi gerekmez, sonra bile t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc de\u011fi\u015ftirebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

x =\u00a04\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # X \u015fimdi int de\u011ferinde
\nx =\u00a0“Sally” # x \u015fimdi String oldu
\nprint(x)<\/p>\n

Dize de\u011fi\u015fkenleri, tek veya \u00e7ift t\u0131rnak kullan\u0131larak bildirilebilir:<\/p>\n

x =\u00a0“Hilmi”
\n# iki kullan\u0131m da ayn\u0131
\nx =\u00a0‘Hilmi’<\/p>\n

De\u011fi\u015fken \u0130simleri<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir de\u011fi\u015fkenin k\u0131sa bir ad\u0131 (x ve y gibi) veya daha a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131c\u0131 bir ad\u0131 (ya\u015f, araba ad\u0131, toplam_hacim) olabilir.\u00a0Python de\u011fi\u015fkenleri i\u00e7inde di\u011fer programlama dillerinde oldu\u011fu gibi baz\u0131 kurallar vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • De\u011fi\u015fken ad\u0131 bir harf veya alt \u00e7izgi karakteri ile ba\u015flamal\u0131d\u0131r<\/li>\n
  • Bir de\u011fi\u015fken ad\u0131 bir say\u0131 ile ba\u015flayamaz<\/li>\n
  • Bir de\u011fi\u015fken ad\u0131 yaln\u0131zca alfa say\u0131sal karakterler ve alt \u00e7izgiler (Az, 0-9 ve _) i\u00e7erebilir<\/li>\n
  • De\u011fi\u015fken adlar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \/ k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck harfe duyarl\u0131d\u0131r (ya\u015f, Ya\u015f ve AGE \u00fc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fkendir)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    degisken =\u00a0“Hilmi”
    \ndeisken_im =\u00a0“Hilmi”
    \n_degisken_im =\u00a0“Hilmi”
    \nmyVar =\u00a0“Hilmi”
    \nDEGISKEN =\u00a0“Hilmi”
    \nDEGISKEN2 =\u00a0“Hilmi”<\/p>\n

    #Hatal\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fken tan\u0131mlamalar:
    \n2degisken =\u00a0“Hilmi”
    \ndegisken-im =\u00a0“Hilmi”
    \ndegisken im =\u00a0“Hilmi”<\/p>\n

    \u00c7oklu De\u011fi\u015fkenlere De\u011fer Atama<\/h2>\n

    Python, tek bir sat\u0131rda birden \u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fkene de\u011fer ataman\u0131za izin verir:
    \nx, y, z =\u00a0“www”,\u00a0“hilmibilici”,\u00a0“com”
    \nprint(x)
    \nprint(y)
    \nprint(z)<\/p>\n

    Ve\u00a0ayn\u0131<\/em>\u00a0de\u011feri tek bir sat\u0131rda birden \u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fkene\u00a0atayabilirsiniz\u00a0:
    \nx = y = z =\u00a0“Hilmi”
    \nprint(x)
    \nprint(y)
    \nprint(z)<\/p>\n

    De\u011fi\u015fkenleri \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131da kullanma<\/h2>\n

    Python dilinde\u00a0print ifadesi genellikle de\u011fi\u015fkenleri \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Python, hem metni hem de de\u011fi\u015fkeni birle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in + karakterini\u00a0kullan\u0131r:<\/p>\n

    x =\u00a0“dili”
    \nprint(“Python”\u00a0+ x)<\/p>\n

    Ba\u015fka bir de\u011fi\u015fkene de\u011fi\u015fkenleri eklemek\u00a0i\u00e7inde \u00a0+ karakterini kullanabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n

    x =\u00a0“Python bir ”
    \ny =\u00a0“programlama dilidir.”
    \nz =\u00a0 x + y
    \nprint(z)<\/p>\n

    Say\u0131lar da ise,\u00a0+ karakteri matematiksel bir i\u015fle\u00e7 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r:<\/p>\n

    x =\u00a05
    \ny =\u00a010
    \nprint(x + y)<\/p>\n

    Bir yaz\u0131 de\u011feri ile bir say\u0131y\u0131 birle\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rsan\u0131z, Python hata verecektir:<\/p>\n

    x =\u00a05
    \ny =\u00a0“John”
    \nprint(x + y)<\/p>\n

    Global De\u011fi\u015fkenler<\/h2>\n

    Bir fonksiyonun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olu\u015fturulan de\u011fi\u015fkenler (yukar\u0131daki t\u00fcm \u00f6rneklerde oldu\u011fu gibi) global de\u011fi\u015fkenler olarak bilinir.<\/p>\n

    Global de\u011fi\u015fkenler, hem fonksiyonlar\u0131n i\u00e7inde hem de d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda herkes taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

    x =\u00a0“programlama dili”<\/p>\n

    def\u00a0myfunc():
    \nprint(“Python”\u00a0+ x)<\/p>\n

    myfunc()<\/p>\n

    Global Anahtar Kelime<\/h2>\n

    Normalde, bir i\u015flevin i\u00e7inde bir de\u011fi\u015fken olu\u015fturdu\u011funuzda, bu de\u011fi\u015fken yereldir ve yaln\u0131zca o i\u015flev i\u00e7inde kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

    Bir fonksiyonun i\u00e7inde global bir de\u011fi\u015fken olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in\u00a0global anahtar kelimesini\u00a0kullanabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

    def\u00a0myfunc():
    \nglobal\u00a0x
    \nx =\u00a0“programlama dili”
    \nmyfunc()
    \nprint(“Python”\u00a0+ x)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    De\u011fi\u015fkenler, veri de\u011ferlerini depolamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan alanlard\u0131r. Di\u011fer programlama dillerinden farkl\u0131 olarak, Python’un bir de\u011fi\u015fken bildirmek i\u00e7in herhangi bir de\u011fi\u015fken…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":85091,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[43],"tags":[118,144,145,367,368,369,371],"class_list":["post-83534","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-programlama","tag-coklu-degiskenler","tag-degisken-tipleri","tag-degiskenler","tag-python-degiskenler","tag-python-ders","tag-python-dersleri","tag-python-variables"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/hilmibilici.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83534","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/hilmibilici.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/hilmibilici.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/hilmibilici.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/hilmibilici.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=83534"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/hilmibilici.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83534\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":85092,"href":"http:\/\/hilmibilici.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83534\/revisions\/85092"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/hilmibilici.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/85091"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/hilmibilici.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=83534"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/hilmibilici.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=83534"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/hilmibilici.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=83534"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}